How long should you wash your hands for optimal cleanliness?

Washing hands for at least 20 seconds is recommended for optimal cleanliness because this duration allows sufficient time for soap to effectively lift and remove dirt, bacteria, and viruses from your skin. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that washing for this length of time ensures that all surfaces of the hands, including the backs, between the fingers, and under the nails, are cleaned thoroughly.

At 20 seconds, the process also incorporates the necessary friction needed to disrupt and remove pathogens. Shorter durations, such as 10 or 15 seconds, may not provide adequate cleaning, potentially leaving harmful microorganisms on the skin. While washing for 30 seconds may achieve cleanliness, it is generally longer than required for effective handwashing, which can lead to unnecessary water use and may deter individuals from washing their hands thoroughly if they perceive it as too time-consuming. Therefore, 20 seconds strikes a good balance between effectiveness and practicality.